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lunes, 17 de septiembre de 2018

ESTILO INDIRECTO

ESTILO INDIRECTO

Estilo Indirecto
Reported Speech
Indirect Speech

Poner una frase en Estilo Indirecto es contar lo que alguien dijo.
Por supuesto hay varios cambios que se deben realizar cuando se pasan las frases.

Cambios verbales 

Directo Indirecto

Presente Simple       Pasado Simple
Presente Continuo   Pasado continuo
Presente Perfecto    Pasado Perfecto
Presente Perfecto Continuo Pasado Perfecto Continuo

Pasado Simple         Pasado Perfecto
Pasado Continuo     Pasado Perfecto Continuo
Pasado Perfecto      Pasado Perfecto
Pasado Perfecto Continuo Pasado Perfecto Continuo

Futuro Simple (will) Condicional Simple (Would)
Is going to              Was going to
Are going to Were going to

Must                 Had to
Can                   Could
May                  Might
Shall                 Should
Need                Needed / Had to



Otros cambios

Directo Indirecto

I                  He / She
Me              Him / Her
My              His / Her
Mine            His / Hers
We             They
Us              Them
Our             Their
Ours           Theirs

This            That
These          Those
Here           There
Now            Then
Ago             Before
Today          That day
Tonight        That night
Tomorrow   The next day / The following day
Yesterday     The day before / The previous day
Next Following


Frases Afirmativas

El verbo introductorio es said con la conjunción that que se puede escribir o no.

“I don’t like meat”, said John
John said (that) he didn’t like meat.


Frases Interrogativas

El verbo introductorio es asked.

Hay dos tipos de preguntas

-Yes/ No questions . Son las que van a tener como respuesta si ó no.
- Wh questions. Son las que comienzan con una palabra interrogativa (What, How many……..)

Yes/ No Questions

Para estas preguntas se utiliza la partícula IF (ó whether que es menos usual)
La frase interrogativa se transforma en afirmativa.

“Have they arrived”? He said
He asked if they had arrived.

Wh Questions

Para estas preguntas se vuelve a escribir la palabra interrogativa y se transforma la pregunta en afirmación.

“What are they doing”? he said
He asked what they were doing.

Frases Imperativas

Se utiliza como verbo introductorio “told”.
El verbo no tiene cambios.
Se escribe el verbo en infinitivo con “to”

“Open the window”, said my teacher
My teacher told to open the window.

“Don´t open this box”, said the boss
The boss told not to open that box.


Frases con verbos especiales

“Please, give me this ticket”
He asked to give him that ticket.

“Please, please, don`t tell him the truth”
He begged not to tell him the truth.

“Let’s write a new letter”
He suggested writing a new letter.

“Would you like to have dinner with me tonight”
He invited me to have dinner with him.

“Good morning Peter”
He greeted Peter

“I am not the new teacher”
He denied that he was the new teacher.

“If I were you , I ‘d get a summer job?
He advised me to get a summer job.

“OK, I will ask him”
He agreed to ask him

“Don’t drive too fast. This road is very dangerous.”
He warned us not to drive too fast because that road was very dangerous.

“Don’t forget there is a speed limit here”
He reminded me that there was a speed limit there.

“You never listen to what I say”
He complained that I never listened what he said

“Thanks, I said”
I thanked her


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