CHRISTMAS VOCABULARY

Christmas expressions

• Merry Christmas!
• Happy Christmas
• Happy New Year!
• Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year!
• Wishing you a prosperous New Year
• All the best for the coming year
• Seasons Greetings!

advent	the arrival of someone or something important
Advent	the coming (or second coming) of Jesus Christ; the month leading up to Christmas
angel	a spiritual being acting as a messenger of God (usually shown as a human being with wings)
berry	a small round fruit
Bethlehem	the small town in the Middle East believed to be the birthplace of Jesus Christ
candle	a cylinder of wax with a central wick (like string) which burns to produce light
chimney	a vertical pipe in a house that allows smoke and gases to escape from a fireplace (Father Christmas traditionally enters a house through its chimney)
Christ	the title of Jesus (also used as His name)
Christian	a person who believes in Christianity; also an adjective
Christianity	the religion based on the teachings and person of Jesus Christ
Christmas	the annual Christian festival celebrating the birth of Jesus Christ (Christmas Day is on 25 December)
Christmas cake	a rich fruit cake covered with white icing, eaten at Christmas
Christmas card	a greetings card that people send to friends and family at Christmas
Christmas carol	a religious song or popular hymn that people sing at Christmas
Christmas Day	25 December, the birthday of Jesus Christ
Christmas Eve	the evening or day before Christmas Day (24 December)
Christmas holidays	the holiday period for about a week before and after Christmas Day
Christmas present	a gift or present given at Christmas
Christmas tree	an evergreen tree (often a spruce) that people decorate with lights and ornaments at Christmas
cracker	a decorated paper tube that makes a sharp noise ("crack!") and releases a small toy when two people pull it apart
decoration	something that adds beauty; ornament
egg-nog	a traditional Christmas drink made of alcohol with beaten eggs and milk
Father Christmas	an imaginary being who brings presents for children on the night before Christmas Day (also known as Santa Claus) - traditionally an old man with a red suit and white beard
fireplace	a partly enclosed space in a house where people light a fire for warmth
frankincense	a gum used for incense, one of the gifts that the three wise men gave to Jesus
gold	a yellow precious metal, one of the gifts that the three wise men gave to Jesus
holly	an evergreen plant with prickly dark green leaves and red berries
Jesus	the name of Christ, the central figure of Christianity (believed by Christians to be the Son of God)
Joseph	the husband of Mary (the mother of Jesus)
magi	the wise men from the East who brought gifts for the baby Jesus
manger	a trough for food for horses or cattle (used by Mary as a cradle or bed for Jesus)
Mary	the mother of Jesus
mistletoe	a parasitic plant with white berries, traditionally used as a Christmas decoration
myrrh	a gum used for perfume or incense, one of the gifts that the three wise men gave to Jesus
nativity	the birth of a person
the Nativity	the birth of Jesus Christ
nativity play	a play that people perform at Christmas based on the birth of Jesus
new year	the start of a year; the period just before and after 1 January
New Year's Day	1 January
New Year's Eve	31 December
ornament	an object that adds beauty to something; a decoration
present	a thing given to somebody as a gift.
reindeer	a deer with large antlers found in some cold climates (believed to pull the sleigh for Santa Claus or Father Christmas)
Santa Claus	an imaginary being who brings presents for children on the night before Christmas Day (also known as Father Christmas) - traditionally an old man with a red suit and white beard (Santa Claus may be based in part on the historical figure of Saint Nicholas.)
shepherd	a person who looks after sheep
sleigh	a sledge or light cart on runners pulled by horses or reindeer over snow and ice
snow	water vapour from the sky that falls as white flakes and covers the ground
star	a bright point in the night sky which is a large, distant incandescent body like the sun
the star of Bethlehem	the star that announced the birth of Jesus and guided the wise men to find Him
tinsel	a decoration consisting of thin strips of shiny metal foil, traditionally used at Christmas
turkey	a bird like a large chicken, traditionally eaten at Christmas
white Christmas	a Christmas with snow on the ground
Xmas	abbreviation or informal term for Christmas

HAVE BEEN AND HAVE GONE

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN "HAVE BEEN" AND "HAVE GONE"

Mike has been to Paris.

Significa que Mike fue a París y volvió.

Mike has gone to Paris.

Significa que fue a París y que todavía está allí

Been: Ha estado en París y ha vuelto 

Gone: Ha ido y no ha vuelto

 

ROASTED CHESTNUTS

ROASTED CHESTNUTS

In Spain there are other typical celebration for the night of 

October

31. Magosto in the northwest of the Iberian Peninsula and the
Castanyada in Catalonia are the key to start the month of 

November.

Magosto is celebrated mainly in the northwest of Spain, 

although it is also celebrated in other places, such as 

Caceres, Zamora, even in Portugal.

This festival has its origins in Celtic rituals, the way 

to winter and collecting chestnuts. In the celebration never 

lack fire troasted chestnuts from a fire.

In other regions also celebrate this holiday, always with 

chestnuts involved, but with different names. In Catalonia 

for example is celebrated known as Castanyada where besides 

eating roasted chestnuts, other typical dishes such as panellets 

and sweet potatoes are eaten accompanied by Muscat.

In the Basque Country  the name is Gaztainerra, in Cantabria 

called Magosta, in Asturias is known as Amagüestu, here the 

chestnuts are accompanied by  sweet cider. But all have one 

thing in common: chestnuts.

HALLOWEEN

HALLOWEEN

"AL MAL TIEMPO BUENA CARA" (IDIOM)

"AL MAL TIEMPO BUENA CARA" (IDIOM)

Hay varias formas de expresar esta situación en inglés, tales como

Turn lemons into lemonade

Put a brave face on

When life give you lemon make lemonade

When the going gets tough, the tough get going

(a carne de lobo, diente de perro)

JOHN LENNON EN ALMERÍA

JOHN LENNON IN ALMERÍA

En Septiembre de 1966 John Lennon pasó una temporada en Almería, exactamente en el Municipio de Palomares, en la localidad de Carboneras.

El motivo por el cual estuvo allí fue filmar la película “Como gané la guerra”, una sátira acerca de las películas bélicas.

Durante su estancia allí compuso “Strawberry Fields Forever”

JOHN LENNON IN ALMERIA

In September 1966 John Lennon spent some days in Almeria, exactly in the town of Palomares , in the village of Carboneras .

The reason why he was there was to shoot the film " How I Won the War " , a satire about war movies .

Meanwhile he was there he wrote "Strawberry Fields Forever "

SUPER MARIO BROSS

SUPER MARIO BROSS

Super Mario Bros,celebrate today, 29th September his 30th birthday and queue a wave of nostalgia across the world…

What was your first video game? Odds are it involved everyone’s favourite Italian plumber!.

Staff at life Science Centre in Newcastlewere happy with custumes to mark the anniversary of this beloved part of gaming culture.

Whether your childhood was shaped by Mario Bros or Mario Kart, gaming fans will find that they can indulge in plenty of playable nostalgia before the Game On 2.0 exhibition ends on 3 January 2016 – controllers at the ready!

TOTAL LUNAR ECLIPSE. SUPERMOON

TOTAL LUNAR ECLIPSE. SUPERMOON

HARVEST FESTIVAL

Harvest Festival

Every year in UK it is celebrated a Harvest Festival in schools and churches. Do you know why?

Harvest Festival is a celebration of the food grown on the land. 

Thanksgiving ceremonies and celebrations for a successful harvest are both worldwide and very ancient. In Britain, people have given thanks for successful harvests since pagan times. They celebrate this day by singing, praying and decorating churches with baskets of fruit and food in a festival known as 'Harvest Festival', usually during the month of September.

Harvest festivals are traditionally held on or near the Sunday of the Harvest Moon. This is the full Moon that occurs closest to the autumn equinox (about September 23). In two years

HOMOPHONES

HOMOPHONES

There are some words that have the same pronunciation, they are 

called HOMOPHONES

/hɪə/            here,  hear

/rɑɪt/           write,  right

/wɛə/          wear,  where

/si:/             see,  sea

/ɑɪ/              I,  eye

/ɚɛ/             there,  their

/nəʊ/           know,  no

/bɑɪ/            buy,  by

/fɔ:/             four,  for

/tu:/             too,  two

/ɑʊə/           hour, our

/sʌn/           sun, son

SUFIJOS PARA FORMAR SUSTANTIVOS EN INGLÉS

FORMAR NOMBRES CON SUFIJOS

Para formar nombres a partir de verbos, se puede añadir sufijos TION y MENT

To adop adoption

To decorate decoration

To argue argument

To advertise advertisement

Para formar nombres a partir de adjetivos, se puede añadir sufijos ITY y NESS

Creative creativity

Responsible responsability

Happy happiness

Empty emptiness

Lo mejor es consultar el diccionario, porque al añadirlos se producen cambios ortográficos se producen cambios ortográficos en algunos casos.

LOCH NESS MONSTER

NESSIE

Nessie, the Loch Ness monster. Is famous all over the world. It was first reported in the 14th century

 

but became famous in 1934 when Dr. H.K. Wilson took a photograph in the lake.

Some people say that it is a fish, others a reptile and others think she is a dinosaur that has survived in

an underwater cave in the Scotyish lake.

Millions of tourists come to see Nessie every year and 4000 people claim they have seen it.

NEWSPAPER HEADLINES

NEWSPAPER HEADLINES

Here is a brief guide to the “rules” by which English newspaper headlines are written:

The article and the verb to be are omitted.

The present tenses are used to describe something which has happened, is happening, or happens repeatedly.

When the present continuous is used, the auxiliary verb to be is omitted.

To refer to the future, the infinitive with to is used.

Passive sentences are written without their auxiliary verbs.

There are a number of words which are specifically used in headlines (e.g. quit is often used instead of resign)

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN IMAGE AND PICTURE

PICTURE AND IMAGE

PICTURE

A visual representation of something, such as a person or scene, produced on a surface, as in a photograph, painting, etc

IMAGE

An image of an object, person, scene, etc, in the form of a print or slide recorded by a camera on photosensitive material. It is also a mental representation.



THE KISS IN TIMES SQUARE

THE KISS IN TIMES SQUARE

 

V-J Day in Times Square is a photograph by Alfred Eisenstaedt Alfred that portrays an American sailor kissing a woman in a white dress on Vitory over Japan DayVictory  (V-J Day) in Times Square in New York City, on August 14, 1945. The photograph, taken with a Leica IIIa camera, was published a week later in Life magazine among many photographs of celebrations around the United States. Eisenstaedt was photographing a spontaneous event that occurred in Times Square as the announcement of the end of the war on Japan was made by U.S. President Harry S. Truman at seven o'clock.

The photograph is known under various titles, such as V-J Day in Times Square, V-Day, and The Kiss.

Because Eisenstaedt was photographing rapidly changing events during the celebrations he did not have an opportunity to get the names and details. The photograph does not clearly show the faces of either person involved in this embrace and several people have claimed to be the subjects. The photograph was shot just south of 45th Street looking north from a location where Broadway and Seventh Avenue converge. Soon after ward, throngs of people crowded into the square and it became a sea of people.

Edith Shain wrote to Eisenstaedt in the late 1970s claiming to be the woman in the picture. In August 1945, Shain was working at Doctor's Hospital in New York City as a nurse when she and a friend heard on the radio that World War had ended. They went to Times Square where all the celebrating was and as soon as she arrived on the street from the subway, the sailor grabbed her in an embrace and kissed her. She related that at the time she thought she might as well let him kiss her since he fought for her in the war. Shain did not claim that she was the woman in the white dress until many years later when she wrote to Eisenstaedt. He notified the magazine that he had received her letter claiming to be the subject

George Mendonça of Newport, Rhode Island, on leave from the USS The Sullivans (DD-537), was watching a movie with his future wife, Rita, at Radio City Music Hall when the doors opened and people started screaming the war was over. George and Rita joined the partying on the street, but when they couldn't get into the packed bars decided to walk down the street. It was then that George saw a woman in a white dress walk by and took her into his arms and kissed her, "I had quite a few drinks that day and I considered her one of the troops—she was a nurse."[In one of the four pictures that Eisenstaedt took, Mendonça claims that Rita is visible in the background behind the kissing couple.

In 1987, George Mendonça filed a lawsuit against Time Inc. in Rhode Island state court, alleging that he was the sailor in the photograph.

TYPES OF HUMOR

TYPES OF HUMOR

Black humor: Humor dealing with the unpleasant or dark side of life (death, people's problems)

Practical humor: A joked played on someone to embarrass them and amuse others.

Dry humor: Amusing without appearing to be so, quietly ironic.

Satire humor: Showing the foolishness or evil of a person, organisation or practice, in an amusing way.

Racist humor: Showing dislike or intolerance of people of different races.

Sexist humor: Unfairly dismissive of the opposite sex; showing them as stupid or inferior.

Sick humor: Unnaturally, unhealthily cruel or morbid, this kind of humor is unsophisticated, often quite juvenile and offensive.

Slapstick humor: Humorous acting that depends on fast, sometimes violent actions.

Dirty humor: Concerned with sex, sometimes in an unpleasant way.

THE PERSEIDS

THE PERSEIDS

The Perseids are a prolific meteor showwer associated with the comet Swift-Tuttle. The Perseids are so called because the point from which they appear to come, called the radiant, lies in the constellation Perseus. The name derives in part from the word Perseides, a term found in Greek mythology referring to the sons of Perseus.

The shower is visible from mid-July each year, with the peak in activity between 9 and 14 August, depending on the particular location of the stream. During the peak, the rate of meteors reaches 60 or more per hour. They can be seen all across the sky; however, because of the shower’s radiant in the constellation of Perseus, the Perseids are primarily visible in the Northern Hemisphere. As with many meteor showers the visible rate is greatest in the pre-dawn hours, since more meteoroids are scooped up by the side of the Earth moving forward into the stream, corresponding to local times between midnight and noon.